Non-Resident Nepalis (NRNs) are individuals who fall into two categories:
a) Foreign Citizens of Nepalese Origin (FCNO): Persons whose father, mother, grandfather or grandmother was a Nepali citizen at any time and have subsequently acquired citizenship of a foreign country other than SAARC nations.
b) Nepali Citizens Residing Abroad (NCRA): Persons residing in any foreign country for at least 2 years, involved in a profession, occupation, business or employment, except in SAARC countries. This excludes individuals serving in diplomatic missions or studying abroad under government assignment. NRNs play a significant role in Nepal's economic and social development through investment, knowledge transfer, and cultural connections.

The NRN ID Card is an official identification document issued by the Government of Nepal to Non-Resident Nepalis. It serves as proof of NRN status and enables holders to access various benefits and facilities accorded to NRNs under Nepalese law. The card is issued by the Chief of Mission (if abroad) or the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (if in Nepal). For FCNOs, the card is valid for up to 10 years, while for NCRAs, it is valid for 2 years (extendable if permitted to reside abroad longer).

NRN Citizenship, also known as Non-Residential Citizenship of Nepal, is a special category of citizenship envisaged by the Constitution of Nepal for Foreign Citizens of Nepalese Origin (FCNOs). It is designed to provide FCNOs with economic, social, and cultural rights equal to those of Nepali citizens, without granting political rights. NRN Citizenship is distinct from regular Nepali citizenship and does not constitute dual citizenship, which is not permitted in Nepal. This unique status allows FCNOs to maintain a strong connection with Nepal while retaining their foreign citizenship, facilitating their contribution to Nepal's development.

NRNs in Nepal enjoy several rights, which vary slightly depending on their status (FCNO or NCRA):

1. Economic rights: Invest in Nepal, open bank accounts in convertible foreign currency, and repatriate earnings.
2. Property rights: Own and inherit property (with some restrictions for FCNOs).
3. Employment: Work in Nepal (FCNOs require work permits).
4. Social and cultural rights: Participate in social and cultural activities.
5. NRN Citizenship (for FCNOs): Provides economic, social, and cultural rights equal to Nepali citizens.